Elasticsearch is a Full Text Search Engine built on top of Lucene. The index structure used in Lucene to enable fast search lookups is called "Inverted Index".
Inverted index is a simple concept, but yet powerful to enable efficient search. Its a list of unique words(terms) that appear in the documents stored. Each unique words map to list of documents in which they appear along with how many times the word has occurred in the document (Frequency).
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